yearbookjapanЕжегодник ЯпонияYearbook Japan2687-14322687-1440Association of Japanologists and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.24412/2687-1440-2021-50-89-110yearbookjapan-8Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА И ОБЩЕСТВОECONOMICS AND SOCIETYЯпония: поколение локдаунаJapan: Lockdown Generationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-3870ЖилинаЛ. В.ZhilinaL. V.

Жилина Лариса Владимировна, кандидат исторических наук, доцент, Факультет иностранных языков

SPIN-код РИНЦ: 6910-2963

644077, Омск, проспект Мира д. 55 а

Zhilina Larisa V., PhD in History, Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages

644077, Omsk, Mira avenue, 55a

larissa-zhilina@yandex.ruОмГУ им. Ф. М. ДостоевскогоРоссияF. M. Dostoevsky Omsk State UniversityRussian Federation20211602202250089110Copyright © Жилина Л.В., 20222022Жилина Л.В.Zhilina L.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/8

В 2020–2021 гг. к проблемам японской молодежи, связанным со старением населения страны и увеличением трудовой нагрузки на молодое поколение, прибавились трудности, обусловленные наступлением на Японию нескольких волн пандемии COVID-19. Молодые японцы сталкиваются с многочисленными потрясениями, вызванными сбоями в образовании и обучении, падением занятости и доходов, большими трудностями с поиском работы, эмоциональными и психологическими проблемами, связанными с изменениями в привычном образе жизни.

Пандемия COVID-19 вынудила многие школы и университеты прервать работу или перейти на форматы удаленного обучения. Новая реальность заставила ускорить процесс активизации онлайн-обучения и внедрения новых ИТ-технологий для студентов и преподавателей. Это обстоятельство имеет множество положительных последствий, например, таких как возможность продолжения образования и работы молодежи в интернете. Однако исследования также показывают, что в стране наблюдается углубляющееся неравенство в доступе молодых людей к современным передовым технологиям и различным видам онлайн-деятельности.

Традиционный японский образ жизни предполагает тесное и постоянное взаимодействие между людьми в трудовых коллективах, школьных классах, институтских аудиториях. В этих условиях необходимые во время пандемии меры дистанцирования и изоляции могут восприниматься как принудительные. Одним из ответов на подобные вызовы стала быстро распространившаяся практика onrain dōsei (совместной жизни в сети), когда молодые участники видеочатов даже не разговаривают, а просто занимаются повседневными делами, оставаясь в сети.

В данной работе этот круг вопросов рассматривается применительно к японской молодежи, проблемы которой (уже на первом этапе эпидемии (2020 — начало 2021 гг.) обнаружили свои особенности, связанные со спецификой политической, экономической, общественной и повседневной жизни страны. Производится сравнение японских подходов с методами решения схожих проблем, применяемыми в других странах, прежде всего, в государствах АТР и США.

In 2020–2021, in Japan, the problems caused by several waves of the COVID-19 pandemic have been added to the challenges related to the aging of the population and the increasing workload of the young generation. Young Japanese face numerous shocks caused by disruptions of educational system, employment, and income, as well as great difficulties regarding job hunting and emotional and psychological problems associated with changes in the usual style of life.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced schools and universities to close and this reality has forced a crash course of online learning and adopting new IT technologies on students and faculty. Digitalization of the education has progressed quickly as a result of the pandemic, and it has many positive effects, such as enabling the youth to continue receiving education and working online. However, a digital “gap” has emerged with regard to young people’s unequal access to technology and various online activities.

The traditional lifestyle of the Japanese people presupposes close and constant interaction between people in companies and school classes. Thus, the social distancing and self-isolation measures required during the pandemic can be perceived as coercive. One of the responses to these challenges was the rapidly spreading practice of onrain dōsei (living together online), when young visitors of video chats do not even communicate, but simply stay online together to go about their daily activities.

In this paper, the above-mentioned range of issues is considered in relation to the Japanese youth, whose problems have already (at the first stage of the epidemic, in 2020 – early 2021) revealed their own characteristics associated with the specifics of the political, economic, social, and everyday life in the country. We compare the Japanese approaches with the methods of solving similar problems used in other countries, firstly in the Asia Pacific and the USA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.