yearbookjapanЕжегодник ЯпонияYearbook Japan2687-14322687-1440Association of Japanologists and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.55105/2687-1440-2025-54-79-88yearbookjapan-478Research ArticleИСТОРИЯHISTORYРезультаты подводных раскопок у острова Такасима в Японии, связанных с монгольским вторжением 1281 г.Results of Underwater Excavations at Takashima Island, Japan, Associated With the Mongol Invasion of 1281https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0562-7833КунитакэС.KunitakeS.

Кунитакэ Садакацу, PhD по истории, научный сотрудник

630-8577 Нара-си, Нидзё-тё 2-9-1

Kunitake Sadakatsu, Research Fellow

630-8577 Nara-shi, Nijo-jo 2-9-1

kunitakesadakatsu@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-6369ВойтишекЕ. Э.VoytishekE. E.

Войтишек Елена Эдмундовна, доктор исторических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой востоковедения Гуманитарного института НГУ; Приглашенный исследователь; Ведущий научный сотрудник отдела Искусства и материальной культуры 

630090 Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, 1; 630-8577 Нара-си, Нидзё-тё 2-9-1; 103031 Москва, ул. Рождественка, 12

Voytishek Elena E., Professor, Doctor of Sciences (History), Head of the Department of Oriental Studies; Distant researcher; Leading Researcher, Department of Art and Material Culture

630090 Novosibirsk, Pirogov str., 1; 630-8577 Nara-shi, Nijo-jo 2-9-1; 12, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031

e.voitishek@g.nsu.ruНациональный институт культурного наследия НараЯпонияNara National Research Institute for Cultural PropertiesJapanНовосибирский государственный университет; Национальный институт культурного наследия Нара; Институт востоковедения РАНРоссияInstitute for the Humanities, Novosibirsk State University; Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties; Institute of Oriental Studies of RASRussian Federation2025151220255407988Copyright © Кунитакэ С., Войтишек Е.Э., 20252025Кунитакэ С., Войтишек Е.Э.Kunitake S., Voytishek E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/478

В октябре 2024 г. авторы принимали личное участие в работе международной экспедиции на острове Такасима в префектуре Нагасаки в Японии по изучению подводной стоянки Такасима-3, связанной с монгольским вторжением 1281 г. В статье представлен обзор основных результатов многолетних исследований в заливе Имари, где погребены затонувшие корабли. Обзор сопровождается кратким экскурсом в историю монгольских вторжений XIII в.

К настоящему времени найдены останки трех судов, находки с которых подтверждают гипотезу принадлежности останков кораблей к военно-морской флотилии монгольской династии Юань (1271–1368). К числу основных находок с затонувших кораблей относятся железные шлемы, обломки колчанов со стрелами, якоря, каменные ядра, керамика и фарфор из Китая и Кореи, бронзовые буддийские статуи и зеркала, повседневная утварь. Археологические находки с острова Такасима представляют собой важный источник информации о военно-морской истории региона, технологическом уровне кораблестроения и динамичном взаимодействии народов Восточной Азии в начале II тысячелетия.

In October 2024, the authors personally participated in the work of an international expedition to Takashima Island in Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan to study the Takashima-3 underwater site, associated with the Mongol invasion of 1281. This article presents an overview of the main results of long-term research in Imari Bay, where sunken ships are buried. The review is accompanied by a brief excursion into the history of the 13th century Mongol invasions. To date, the remains of three ships have been found, the finds from which confirm the hypothesis that the remains of the ships belong to the naval flotilla of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368).

The main finds from the sunken ships include iron helmets, fragments of quivers with arrows, anchors, stone cannonballs, Chinese and Korean ceramics and porcelain, bronze Buddhist statues and mirrors, and everyday utensils. The archaeological finds from Takashima Island represent an important source of information about the naval history of the region, the technological level of shipbuilding, and the dynamic interaction of the peoples of East Asia in the early 2nd millennium.

Восточная АзияЯпониямонгольское вторжение 1281 г.остров Такасимазатонувшие кораблиподводные раскопкиEast AsiaJapanMongol invasion of 1281Takashima Islandsunken shipsunderwater excavationsИсследование проведено в рамках реализации Государственного задания Минобрнауки №FSUS-2024-0028 «Аксиологический потенциал буддизма в контексте международных отношений России со странами Восточной Азии: история и современность».The study was carried out within the framework of the implementation of the State assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science no. FSUS-2024-0028 “Axiological potential of Buddhism in the context of international relations of Russia with the parties to East Asia: history and modernity.ReferencesKaitei ni nemuru mongoru shūrai: Suichū kōkogaku no sekai [Mongol Invasion Preserved Underwater: The World of Underwater Archeology]. (2024). Tokyo: Kokugakuin University Museum. (In Japanese).Kaitei ni nemuru mongoru shūrai: Suichū kōkogaku no sekai [Mongol Invasion Preserved Underwater: The World of Underwater Archeology]. (2024). Tokyo: Kokugakuin University Museum. (In Japanese).Matsuura-shi Takashima kaitei iseki. Heisei 13, 14 nendo Takashimachō Kanzaki-kō kaishū kōji ni tomonau kinkyū chōsa hōkokusho. [Takashima Underwater Ruins of Matsuura City. Report on Emergency Survey on the Reconstruction of the Kanzaki Bay of Takashima Town in 2001–2002]. (2008). Matsuura: Matsuura City Education Committee. (In Japanese).Matsuura-shi Takashima kaitei iseki. Heisei 13, 14 nendo Takashimachō Kanzaki-kō kaishū kōji ni tomonau kinkyū chōsa hōkokusho. [Takashima Underwater Ruins of Matsuura City. Report on Emergency Survey on the Reconstruction of the Kanzaki Bay of Takashima Town in 2001–2002]. (2008). Matsuura: Matsuura City Education Committee. (In Japanese).Mōko shūrai chinbotsusen no hozon katsuyō ni kansuru gakusai kenkyū [Interdisciplinary Research to Preserve and Use the Sunken Ships of the Mongol Invasion Era]. (2021). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2018–2020. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Mōko shūrai chinbotsusen no hozon katsuyō ni kansuru gakusai kenkyū [Interdisciplinary Research to Preserve and Use the Sunken Ships of the Mongol Invasion Era]. (2021). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2018–2020. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Nagasaki-ken Kitamatsuura-gun Takashima kaitei ni nemuru genkō kanren iseki ibutsu no haaku to kaimei [Understanding and Interpreting the Mongol Invasion-Related Ruins and Relics Lying on the Sea Floor Near Takashima Island in the Kitamatsuura District, Nagasaki Prefecture]. (2009). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2006–2010. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Nagasaki-ken Kitamatsuura-gun Takashima kaitei ni nemuru genkō kanren iseki ibutsu no haaku to kaimei [Understanding and Interpreting the Mongol Invasion-Related Ruins and Relics Lying on the Sea Floor Near Takashima Island in the Kitamatsuura District, Nagasaki Prefecture]. (2009). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2006–2010. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Suichū kōkogaku shuhō ni yoru genkō chinsen no chōsa to kenkyū [Excavation and Study of the Mongol Invasion-Era Sunken Ships Using the Underwater Archeology Methods]. (2016). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2011–2015. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Suichū kōkogaku shuhō ni yoru genkō chinsen no chōsa to kenkyū [Excavation and Study of the Mongol Invasion-Era Sunken Ships Using the Underwater Archeology Methods]. (2016). Ed. by Eiji Ikeda. Grant Research Report for 2011–2015. Ryukyu University. (In Japanese).Takashima Kaitei Iseki-2 [Takashima-2 Underwater Ruins]. (1993). Takashima Town Education Committee. (In Japanese).Takashima Kaitei Iseki-2 [Takashima-2 Underwater Ruins]. (1993). Takashima Town Education Committee. (In Japanese).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.