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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">yearbookjapan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ежегодник Япония</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yearbook Japan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-1432</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1440</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55105/2687-1440-2024-53-405-430</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">yearbookjapan-459</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБА ПЕРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCHOLARLY DEBUT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение нарративов исторической памяти в Японии и ФРГ после Второй Мировой войны</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Comparison of the Historical Memory Narratives in Japan and the FRG After the Second World War</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фокин</surname><given-names>Я. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fokin</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фокин Ярослав Павлович, магистрант</p><p>Москва 119454, просп. Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fokin Iaroslav Pavlovich, Graduate student</p><p>76, Vernadskogo Prospect, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">phokin.yaroslav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО-Университет МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>53</volume><issue>0</issue><fpage>405</fpage><lpage>430</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фокин Я.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фокин Я.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fokin I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/459">https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/459</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена выявлению схожих и различных черт в исторической памяти Японии и ФРГ после Второй Мировой войны. Данные вопросы являются актуальной темой для исследований в условиях центрального и непреходящего влияния факторов исторических обид в отношениях Японии с бывшими жертвами агрессии, в отличие от аналогичных отношений Германии. В качестве теоретических рамок в работе используется подход О. Ю. Малиновой, интерпретирующей историческую память как продукт социального конструирования и вариацию символической политики. Кроме того, автором была использована классификации нарративов памяти о прошлом, предложенная М. Дианом.В рамках исследования в числе прочего автор рассматривает влияние оккупационной политики на дальнейшее развитие исторической памяти, рассматривая схожие и различные черты. Кроме того, в работе сравниваются изначальное содержание основных нарративов памяти о прошлом в каждой из стран, основные мнемонические акторы, продвигающие их, а также эволюция данных нарративов в период с окончания войны по настоящее время. Автором также выделяются причины различий в содержании и эволюции нарративов в Японии и ФРГ.В результате автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на определенную схожесть оккупационной политики в двух странах, а также выделение в рамках исторической памяти двух традиций (консервативной и лево-прогрессистской) в каждой из стран, содержание и эволюция последних серьезно разнится. В ФРГ изначально консервативная традиция включала нарративы самовиктимизации и амнезии, а прогрессистская – нарратив покаяния; с течением же времени традиции перешли от поляризации к консенсусу вокруг покаяния и элементов самовиктимизации. В Японии консервативная традиция изначально кроме самовиктимизации включала героизацию прошлого, т. е. была более ревизионистской, а прогрессистская – фокусировалась на самовиктимизации, а не покаянии. С течением же времени традиции перешли от консенсуса вокруг самовиктимизации к острой поляризации: прогрессисты перешли к нарративу покаяния, а среди консерваторов укрепились позиции ревизионистов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to identifying the similarities and differences in the historical memory of Japan and the FRG after World War II. These issues are a relevant topic for research in the face of the enduring influence of historical grievances on Japan’s relations with its former victims, in contrast to similar relations of Germany. As a theoretical framework, the paper uses O. Malinova’s approach, which interprets historical memory as a product of social construction and a variation of symbolic politics. In addition, the author used the classification of historical memory proposed by M. Dian. In the scope of the study, the author examines the impact of occupation policies on further development of historical memory in the two countries. The paper compares the original content of the main narratives of memory of the past in each country, the main mnemonic actors promoting them, and the evolution of these narratives from the end of the war to the present day.The author also highlights the reasons for the differences in the content and evolution of the narratives in Japan and the FRG. The author concludes that, despite a certain similarity of the occupation policy in the two countries, as well as the formation of two traditions (conservative and left-progressive) in historical memory of each of the countries, its content and evolution are seriously different. In the FRG, the conservative tradition initially included the narratives of self-victimization and amnesia, while the progressive tradition included the narrative of repentance; over the years, however, the traditions have evolved from polarization to a consensus around repentance and elements of self-victimization. In Japan, the conservative tradition initially included glorification of the past in addition to self-victimization, i.e., it was more revisionist, while the progressive tradition focused on self-victimization rather than repentance. Over time, the traditions shifted from a consensus around selfvictimization to a sharp polarization: progressives moved to a repentance narrative, while revisionists gained ground among conservatives.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исторические нарративы</kwd><kwd>травматическое прошлое</kwd><kwd>политика памяти</kwd><kwd>Япония</kwd><kwd>Федеративная Республика Германия</kwd><kwd>Вторая Мировая война</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>historical narratives</kwd><kwd>traumatic past</kwd><kwd>politics of memory</kwd><kwd>Japan</kwd><kwd>Federal Republic of Germany</kwd><kwd>World War II</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 23-18-00109).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant number 23-18-00109).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahonen, P. 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