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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">yearbookjapan</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ежегодник Япония</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yearbook Japan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-1432</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-1440</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Japanologists and the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/0235-8182-2019-10004</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">yearbookjapan-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА И ОБЩЕСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICS AND SOCIETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трансформация взглядов японских женщин на их положение в семье, экономике, обществе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transformation of Japanese women’s views on their positions in the family, the economy, and society</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">larissa-zhilina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОмГУ им. Ф.М. Достоевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>F.M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>0</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жилина Л.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жилина Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhilina L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/24">https://www.yearbookjapan.ru/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><p>В период Хэйсэй изменения в жизни японских женщин и в вопросах гендерного равенства, а также появившиеся новые экономические возможности, несомненно, способствовали трансформации взглядов женщин на семейную жизнь и материнство, на карьеру и на роль в обществе. Для понимания произошедших изменений автор проанализировал многочисленные японские источники, сделав акценты на изменение взглядов японок на брак/семью и на рождение детей; на положение на рынке труда (карьерные возможности) и на изменение роли в общественно-политической жизни страны. Рост числа японских женщин, получающих университетское образование, свидетельствует о том, что они стали более образованными, чем раньше. Это, в свою очередь, открывает им доступ к лучшим рабочим местам, даёт возможность получать более высокие доходы и большую финансовую независимость, позволяет им не только идентифицировать себя как «жёны» и «матери», но и делать успешные инвестиции в своё образование и карьеру. В результате перспектива замужней-семейной жизни представляется теперь японкам относительно непривлекательной по сравнению с возможностью проживать «полноценную» жизнь, проводить интересный досуг и получать удовлетворение от работы. Вместе с тем меняющиеся условия на рынке труда не только побудили женщин «вкладываться» в собственную карьеру, но и повлияли на матримониальные устремления тех, кто пошёл по этому пути. Некоторые из них решили совсем отказаться от материнства; другие откладывали его до тех пор, пока не построили карьеру. Таким образом, японки, решающие сделать приоритетом карьеру, должны будут заплатить за свой успех - часто ценой бездетной и одинокой жизни. Модель, которую мы видим сегодня - результат изменений, идущих с 1990-х годов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Throughout the Heisei period, changes both in Japanese women’s individual life, gender equality and changes in economic opportunities for women undoubtedly helped fuel the transformation of their views on family life and motherhood, career-making and on their role in society. To understand these changes, the author analyzed a lot of Japanese sources, and focuses on four points: changes of Japanese women’s views on marriage/family and on child-birth; changes of women’s role in the labor market (in their career opportunities) and in social political life of the country. Many Japanese women became more educated than they used to be, it can be indicated with increasing numbers of women obtaining university degrees, and therefore gaining access to better jobs, higher incomes and greater nancial independence. It also allows women not only to identify themselves as “wife” and “mother”, but also to invest in education and careers. Thus, the prospect of settling down to married life appears relatively unappealing compared to the possibility of living a “fulfilling” life, leisure activities and high job satisfaction. And the changing labor market conditions not only spurred Japanese women to invest in careers, they also affected the family-formation behavior of women who followed this pathway. Some of these women decided to forgo motherhood entirely; others delayed fertility until they were well established in their careers. So women who chose to build their careers would have to ‘pay the price’ for their success, often by remaining single and childless. The pattern we see today is the result of changes since the 1990s.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>японские женщины</kwd><kwd>изменение взглядов</kwd><kwd>брак</kwd><kwd>общество</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>карьера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Japanese women</kwd><kwd>views’ changes</kwd><kwd>marriage</kwd><kwd>society</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>career</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жилина Л.В. Молодёжь Японии: устремления и ориентиры // Азия и Африка сегодня. 2016. № 1. C. 65-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Жилина Л.В. Молодёжь Японии: устремления и ориентиры // Азия и Африка сегодня. 2016. № 1. C. 65-71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жилина Л.В. 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